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Overview of the 206 human BonesPlease look at the materials in the Canvas module for this week What we have learned so farTake the 10 question Kahoot Quiz below: https://kahoot.it/challenge/01011341?challenge-id=7f531cb8-d29b-4bb1-a7b7-e1bd89f57ce3_1598846129407 Game pin:
01011341 Article comparisonHere is a link to a good article from a reliable source that applies only some medical terminology, it is meant to be understood by the general population: https://www.healthline.com/health/smoking/popcorn-lung-vaping#diagnosis Please reflect on how both forms of written communication matter: Who is the audience? How much time does the reader want to devote to the article? How will the reader use the information? Below is an information page from the American Lung Association: https://www.lung.org/quit-smoking/e-cigarettes-vaping/lung-health How are articles different from information pages? How we abstract meaning from articlesThere are scientific journals where research is published and there are news articles that tell us about the published research. Sources of news articles in science may come from: Time Magazine, National Geographic, Science Daily, Scientific American, Science News, and many other forms of media. It is critical to look for reliable sources of information since there are many misleading articles out there. The writer of a article could be misled or misinformed and not know that their sources are unreliable. It is quite difficult to parse through the streams of information and find the truth, this is why it is good to check the references in articles and look for peer reviewed articles, then see what other information sources are saying. How data is analyzed in scienceSome of the elements in statistical analysis: Statistical analysis is the science of collecting data and uncovering patterns and trends, after collecting data you can analyze. Null Hypothesis (in a statistical test) the hypothesis that there is no significant difference between specified populations, H0 is the commonly accepted fact; it is the opposite of the alternate hypothesis. Hypothesis test has a null (H0) and an alternative hypothesis (H1) Chi Square The Chi-Square Test gives a "p" value The chi-squared statistic is a single number that tells you how much difference exists between your observed counts and the counts you would expect if there were no relationship at all in the population. P-Value "p" is the probability the variables are independent. Who writes articles and whyScientific articles may be written by professional journalists and also active scientists such as students, researchers and professors. This is media helps people in the field communicate new findings with other people in the field. Science Journals have many parts:
Funding for studies It is common for scientific research to be funded by corporations so it helps to see who the researchers are getting paid by. Research is supposed to be non-biased even when it is funded by a corporation. Since the Bayh Dole act of 1980, it has been legal for corporations to fund research in universities and non profit organizations and then benefit from the technologies and patents that are developed. The funding that is given to the universities and organizations from taxes may also be used to conduct research that will benefit private corporations. It is possible for there to be a conflict of interest if one's university received funding from a corporation while it is legal for the public funding for the university to be used for the benefit of the corporation. This Act is meant to help the developments that are found in universities be put to good use. If a university develops new technology but does not have the equipment to mass produce the technology, while a corporation does, the patent can be handed over to the corporation for use. Types of studiesClick on the terms to learn more: Case study: looking at situations and finding parallels Randomized Clinical Trail: people divided by chance into groups Double blind study: In a single blind study, the participants in the clinical trial do not know if they are receiving the placebo or the real treatment. In a double-blind study, both the participants and the experimenters do not know which group got the placebo and which got the experimental treatment. Meta Analysis: what other related research already exists Things to consider: Number of people in the Sample Group, the Sample Size Number of trials: how many times the methods are repeated How to find good sourcesStrong sources: American Lung Association or American Heart Association CitationLook up the latest citation guidelines, they change sometimes  Respiratory system TerminologyRhin/o Nose Rhinitis (inflammation of nose) -plasty Reconstruction Rhinoplasty (surgical reconstruction of nose) Laryng/o Larynx “voice box”* Laryngotomy, Laryngectomy (cutting into, surgically removing the larynx) Trache/o Trachea “windpipe” Tracheotomy, tracheostomy (temporary and permanent openings) Bronch/o Lung air passageways Bronchoscopy (looking into the bronchi) Pne/u, -pnea Breath, air, lung Tachypnea, dyspnea, apnea (accelerated, difficult/painful, cessation of breathing) Pulmo/o Lung Pulmonary artery -ptysis Spitting (coughing) Hemoptysis (spitting or coughing up blood from lungs)   We will go system by systemIt helps to connect what we are learning to what we are able to see, we will learn the words that apply to one system within the human body per week, I will also include some veterinary medicine. Many of the diagrams that we will use for class will be sent to your school email, they cannot be posted on this public website due to copyright protections. We will begin with an overview of the entire human body to get a general idea and then look at each system in the coming months. Systems in the Human BodyCirculatory system: the heart, arteries and veins Respiratory system: absorb oxygen and remove carbon dioxide Digestive system: absorbs nutrients and removes waste, the gastrointestinal tract which include the mouth, esophagus, stomach and intestines Endocrine system: hormones Integumentary system / Exocrine system: Skin, hair, nails, sweat Immune system and lymphatic system: Defends you against pathogens Muscular system: Enables the body to move using muscles Nervous system: senses and processes information, nerves and the brain Renal system and Urinary system: kidneys filter blood to produce urine Reproductive system: organs required for the production of offspring Skeletal System: Bones maintain the structure of the body and its organs circulatory system  Respiratory System DIgestive System Endocrine System INTEGUMENTARY System Immune and lymphatic system muscular system Nervous system renal and urinary system Reproductive System Skeletal System The plan for the yearAugust 3 to August 7
What is Medical Terminology? How has it developed and where is it used? August 10 to August 14 Word roots and etymology, methods of learning August 17 to August 21 Medical Terminology through anatomy and physiology diagrams August 24 to August 28 Focus on article analysis August 31 to September 4 Online Quiz: everyday use words, medical terminology root words September 7: Off September 8 to September 11 Deciphering what someone is talking about, exercises September 14 to September 18 Case studies in medicine, how a course of action is described September 21 to September 25 Bones September 28 to October 2 Bones Continued October 5 to October 9 Muscle System October 12 to October 15 Terminology Practice Worksheet School Break: October 16 October 19 to October 23 Systems and terms used to describe systems: Respiratory System October 26 to October 30 Zombie Neuro Science Activity November 2 to November 6 Systems and terms used to describe systems: Circulatory System November 9 to November 13 Systems and terms used to describe systems: Nervous System November 16 to November 20 Systems and terms used to describe systems: Digestive System November 23 to November 27: Break December 1 to December 4: Review December 7 to December 11 Systems and terms used to describe systems: Integumentary System December 14 to December 18: Discussion Circles December 21 to January 5: Winter Break January 7 to January 8: Review and Reconnect January 11 to January 15: Discussion circles, what have you learned about current events? January 18: Off January 19 to January 22: Careers in Medicine January 25 to January 29: Looking for scholarships, job skills February 1 to February 5: Case study, Discussion February 8 to February 12: Write a paper, how to structure writing February 15: Off February 16 to February 19: Paper writing and revising February 22 to February 25: Peer Review of paper, (5 pages) March 1 to March 5: Socratic Seminar March 8 to March 12: Medical Abbreviations March 15 to March 19: Spanish Translations March 22 to April 2: Spring Break April 5 to April 9: Review April 12 to April 16: Current event discussion April 19 to 23: Community Health Education April 26 to April 30: Community Health Project May 3 to May 7 Exam May 10 to May 14 College preparedness, college curriculum May 17 to May 21 Being involved in our communities, how to look for opportunities May 24 to May 27 discussion, presentations WHere do root words come from?Here is a list of prefixes to Review:Beginnings of words: About size: Macro-------------- Big Micro-------------- Small Megalo or megaly--- very large About location: Peri-------- around Trans------- across Endo------- within or inside Inter------- between Para--------along side About color: Chloro------ green Leuk--------white Eryth------- red Cyan-------- blue About problems: Dys------not working correctly or normally Mal------bad Emia-----blood conditions itis-------inflammation osis----- condition or disease (usually non-inflammatory) pathy----disease General use: hyper---- above normal hypo----- below normal tachy-----fast brady-----slow About tests and procedures: Starts with: echo---ultrasonic waves electro---electricity Ends with: ectomy----------------- removal of gram--------------------picture graph or graphy----------process of taking picture otomy-------------------making a cut/ removing a part of scopy--------------------use of instrument for viewing stomy-------------------create an opening in plasty-------------------modifying the shape of/repairing Root Wordsveins and arteries---------------------vas or vasc blood--------------------------------hem or hemo or sangu blood vessels-------------------------angi or angio veins--------------------------------ven or veno or phleb or phlebo aorta--------------------------------aort arteries------------------------------arteri or arterio brain--------------------------------enceph/ ceph nose--------------------------------rhino eardrum-----------------------------tympan or myringo tooth--------------------------------odont of dento skull--------------------------------crani eye---------------------------------opthalm or oculo ear---------------------------------oto tongue------------------------------lingu liver---------------------------------hepat or hepato gallbladder--------------------------cholecyst esophagus---------------------------esoph or esopha large intestine-----------------------colo stomach-----------------------------gastr or gastro small intestine-----------------------lleo/duodeno/jejuno muscles-----------------------------myo shoulder----------------------------scapula arm---------------------------------brachi or brachio wrist--------------------------------carp or carpo rib----------------------------------cost or cost back---------------------------------dorso bones-------------------------------oste or osteo foot---------------------------------pod, or podo, or ped, or pedo chest--------------------------------thorac or thoraco lung---------------------------------pneumo or pleura breast-------------------------------mamm or mammo blood clot---------------------------thromb or thrombo kindey------------------------------neph, nephr Medical Terminology flashcardsWhat do you think of this learning method?We will be learning online for the first 9 weeksEssential Questions: What is medical terminology? Where is medical terminology used? Where do the words come from and how do we use them? How does vocabulary help us connect and communicate within a field of study? What is it?Medical terminology is used in the field of medicine, and clinical settings to describe the human body components, processes, illnesses, medical procedures, and pharmacology. Every field of study has a vocabulary that helps the people communicate and be more efficient. Knowledge of medical terminology is essential for many career options, it can also help us comprehend our own medical needs, and those of family and friends. Since medical terminology is used to describe anatomy and physiology, we will be learning both at the same time. EtymologyThe study of the origin of words and the way in which their meanings have changed throughout history. Language evolves as people more around the world and meet more forms of expression. Medicine uses many Greek and Latin roots to help more people across the planet communicate and cross language barriers. We will start by learning prefixes and suffixes Medical Terminology words have a prefix (beginning) a root word (middle) and a suffix (end) And then Root Words Prefix examples
A few root words parts
Suffix examples
Medical Terminology ExamplesBradycardia- slow heart
Tachycardia- fast heart Hepatitis- inflammation of the liver Nephrology- study of kidneys Osteoporosis- any condition of having porous bones Opthamologist- person who studies eyes Gastroenterology- study of stomach and intestines |
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