Week of Sept 24 to Sept 28: Taking care of our digestive system

digestive health

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• Consume plenty of fiber
• Limit fatty foods
• Eat Moderately
• Plan meals for a time when you can relax
• Drink water
• Get regular exercise

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disorders of the digestive system

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• Appendicitis- microorganisms infect the appendix- a small pouch that projects from the colon.
  • Symptoms: pain near the navel that spreads, nausea, diarrhea and fever
  • Treatment- surgery to remove the appendix
• Colon cancer
• Heartburn
• Hemorrhoids 
• Inflammatory bowel disease
• Irritable bowel syndrome
• Lactose intolerance
• Peptic ulcer

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food borne illness 

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• food safety
• cross contamination

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making food items

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how our organs work

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Liver: converts impurities and poisons in the body to less harmful substances. For example,the liver forms urea from a harmful waste product of protein breakdown.

Urea: a colorless crystalline compound that is the main nitrogenous breakdown product of protein metabolism in mammals and is excreted in urine.

Lungs and skin: when you exhale your lungs release carbon dioxide and water from your body, skin releases toxins through sweat.

Kidneys: filters urea and other wastes from the blood

Kidney stones: salt, calcium stones that block urine from flowing

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Medicare ESRD costs rose just 1.4 and 1.7 percent for hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis in 2010, to $87,561 and $66,751, while transplant costs fell 1.1 percent, to $32,914. Period prevalent ESRD patients; patients with Medicare as secondary payor are excluded.

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what alcohol can do to your organs

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https://blog.ohiohealth.com/effects-of-binge-drinking/

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Binge drinking is a pattern of excessive drinking. For men, binge drinking is defined as 5 or more drinks in an 2 hour period. For women, binge drinking is defined as 4 or more drinks in a 2 hour period. ​

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activity

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https://www.biologycorner.com/anatomy/urinary/kidney_coloring.html

Cortex: outer area of kidney

Medulla: inside, is composed of seven cone shaped renal pyramids

Renal pyramids: make up medulla, (only 3 of them are shown in the image) with the tubes visible from them making up a collection of nephrons. The renal pyramids merge to form the renal pelvis 

Renal pelvis: at the center of the kidney, urine collects here before
draining into the ureter 

Ureter: tubes, travelling to the bladder for storage.

Nephron: complex structure composed of many tubes, and each kidney has about 1 million nephrons. 

• The nephron's primary function is to filter waste from the blood.
  
• The nephron has three major parts:
  
  • glomerulus: where filtration occurs
    
  • Bowman's Capsule: small molecules and water can pass through this area, but larger molecules do not
    
  • tubules: which consist of the promimal and distal tubule  
    
  • Loop of Henle: The filtrate flows from the proximal tubule and into the
    

Tubular reabsorption, cells in the proximal tubule remove water and nutrients from the filtrate and pass them back into the blood, wastes such as urea are retained in the tubule. During tubular secretion, wastes that were not initially filtered out in the bowman's capsule are removed from