The other half of the systems

3/3/2019

The other half of the systems

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We went over the following systems last week

Intergumentary System: Skin, hair, nails

Muscular System: Cardiac, Smooth Muscle, Skeletal Muscle

Circulatory System: Heart, Lungs, Aorta, Veins

Skeletal System: Bones and Cartilage

Urinary System: Bladder, Kidneys, Ureters

Digestive System: Salivary Glands, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas, Stomach, Mesentery, Small Intestine, Large Intestine

Nervous System: Brain, Spinal Cord, Nerve Cells

this week we will cover

Endocrine System: communication within the body using hormones made by tissues including the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands

Lymphatic System: transfers lymph fluid from tissues into the blood and includes the cells and organs of the immune system, lymph nodes, spleen and bone marrow

Respiratory System: organs involved in the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the blood. Organs include trachea, lungs, and diagram

Reproductive System: development of offspring, testes, penis, ovaries and uterus

the brain and endocrine system are quite connected

Parts of the Brain and what they do

Somewhat true, overall true, but its not that simple:

The left side of the brain is responsible for controlling the right side of the body. It also performs tasks that have to do with logic, such as in science and mathematics. On the other hand, the right hemisphere coordinates the left side of the body, and performs tasks that have do with creativity and the arts.

http://brainmadesimple.com/left-and-right-hemispheres.html

Right/Left cerebral hemisphere:

Functions: Right is Responsible for control of the left side of the body, and is the more artistic and creative side of the brain

Left Functions: Responsible for control of the right side of the body, and is the more academic and logical side of the brain

Central sulcus:

The central sulcus separates the parietal lobe and the frontal lobe.

Each cerebral hemisphere is divided into four lobes by sulci and gyri. The sulci (or fissures) are the grooves and the gyri are the "bumps" that can be seen on the surface of the brain.

Pineal gland:

Endocrine organ, the function of the pineal gland was the last discovered.

Located deep in the center of the brain, the pineal gland was once known as the “third eye.”

The pineal gland produces melatonin, which helps maintain circadian rhythm and regulate reproductive hormones.

Ventricle:

The ventricular system is a set of four interconnected cavities (ventricles) in the brain, where the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced.

Thalamus:

Large mass of gray matter in the dorsal part of the brain

Several functions such as relaying of sensory signals, including motor signals to the cerebral cortex, and the regulation of consciousness, sleep, and alertness.

Hypothalamus:

Location: Above the pituitary gland and below the thalamus

Function: Responsible for behaviors such as hunger and thirst, as well as the maintenance of body temperature

Midbrain:

Pons:

Location: Area of the hindbrain that sits directly above the medulla

Function: Connects upper and lower parts of the brain

Medulla oblongata:

Location: Lower part of the brain stem

Function: Carries out and regulates life sustaining functions such as breathing, swallowing and heart rate

Cerebellum:

Location: Lower area of the brain, below the pons

Function: Responsible for balance and coordination of muscles and the body

Spinal cord:

Connects brain to rest of the body

It connects a large part of the peripheral nervous system to the brain.

Information (nerve impulses) reaching the spinal cord through sensory neurons are transmitted up into the brain.

Brain lobes

https://www.mayoclinic.org/brain-lobes/img-20008887

Each side of your brain contains four lobes.

The frontal lobe is important for cognitive functions and control of voluntary movement or activity.

The parietal lobe processes information about temperature, taste, touch and movement, while the occipital lobe is primarily responsible for vision.

The temporal lobe processes memories, integrating them with sensations of taste, sound, sight and touch.

The hypothalamus acts as the connector between the endocrine and nervous systems to achieve this. It plays a part in many essential functions of the body such as:

body temperature
thirst
appetite and weight control
emotions
sleep cycles
sex drive
childbirth
blood pressure and heart rate
production of digestive juices
balancing bodily fluid

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/312628.php

The pituitary gland is a part of your endocrine system.

Its main function is to secrete hormones into your bloodstream.

myths about right vs left

The Dangers of Ingesting Alcoholic Drinks And Xanax Together

Both Xanax and alcohol depress the central nervous system, which is responsible for your breathing. Taking both of these drugs can result in breathing becoming so slow and shallow that death ultimately results.

https://www.alcohol.org/mixing-with/xanax/

Understanding more about CNS depressants demonstrates why mixing alcohol with other medications can be risky. Specifically, these medications cause the messages being sent through the body by the nervous system to slow down in one way or another. As described by Healthline, slowing down the CNS results in the following:

Drowsiness
Relaxation
Slowed cognitive function
Slowed heart rate and breathing
Decreased anxiety
Decreased coordination

Other Benzodiazepines:

The GABA receptors are a class of receptors that respond to the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

Benzodiazepines are a type of medication known as tranquilizers.

Benzodiazepines operate widely in the brain, affecting emotional reactions, memory, thinking, control of consciousness, muscle tone and coordination.

Benzodiazepines enhance the action of the neurotransmitter, GABA (Gamma Amino Butyric Acid).