1. Which of the following processes is directly responsible for growth in living organisms? a. The division of cells into two identical cells b. The movement of water across a cell membrane c. The production of reproductive cells called gametes d. The exchange of the gases oxygen and carbon dioxide 2. DNA replication is an important part of cellular division because correct replication– a. ensures that identical and complete genetic information is passed to both daughter cells. b. produces mutations that usually are advantageous for the survival of the organism. c. combines sperm and egg to form a zygote that will develop into a new organism. d. communicates information about the cellular environment to adjacent cells. 3. Which of the following observations would support the claim that DNA determines the structure of proteins produced by cells? a. Organisms that produce proteins have different lengths of DNA. b. Similar DNA sequences are found in organisms that produce the same protein. c. Both DNA and the production of proteins was observed in early life forms. d. DNA is found in the nucleus of all cells that produce proteins. 4. Albumin is a protein produced in the liver of both pigs and humans. Based on this information, what other similarity can we predict between these two organisms? Both organisms– a. have more complex DNA than organisms that do not produce albumin. b. have DNA that codes for globulin, another protein found in the liver. c. produce new sequences of DNA in the same region of their livers. d. share a similar sequence in one section of their DNA 5. As living systems use energy they also transform matter. All of these matter transformations are the result of living systems– a. recombining elements in different ways to form new products. b. changing inorganic elements into new elements that are useful. c. removing the electric charge on large molecules to gain energy. d. using energy to break the bonds of organic compounds. 6. Sugar produced as a result of photosynthesis is made up of which of the following elements? a. Hydrogen, Magnesium, Carbon b. Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen c. Carbon, Nitrogen, Hydrogen d. Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Calciu 7. Which of the following provides the best evidence that living things use and recombine carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen to form molecules for new cells? a. The elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are among the most common elements in the universe, but are not the most common elements on Earth. b. The cells of living things contain molecules made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the same elements found in the glucose consumed by living things. c. The elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are able to bond with each other to form complex molecules that are chains of repeating structures. d. The relative amounts of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen found in the earth’s atmosphere have changed over the history of the planet. 8. Which of the following statements regarding the energy produced during cellular respiration is most accurate? a. The majority of the energy produced is lost to the environment as heat. b. The energy must be transferred across the cell membrane to be used. c. The energy produced must be stored in specialized organelles within the cell. d. The amount of energy produced is greater than the amount of energy required. 9. Which of the following organisms is part of the trophic level with the greatest amount of stored energy? a. Vulture b. Wildebeest c. Termite d. Red oat grass 10. As energy is transferred between trophic levels, only a small fraction of the available energy is transferred. How can this observation be explained, taking into account the law of conservation of energy? a. Organic systems do not demonstrate the conservation of energy. b. Organisms, even after death, continue to store energy in organic molecules. c. Since biomass increases at higher levels, the concentration of energy is the same. d. The unused energy is lost as heat through metabolic processes. 11. Shown here is an incomplete chemical equation for the reaction known as photosynthesis. 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy →6O2 + _______ Which of the following substances correctly completes the equation? a. Water b. Carbon dioxide c. Glucose d. Oxygen 12. Which of the following statements is true? a. Heterotrophs produce their own food. b. Autotrophs take in nutrients from outside themselves. c. Consumers are heterotrophs. d. Consumers are autotrophs 13. The structure, properties, and transformations of matter can best be explained by which of the following? a. The way in which electromagnetic radiation interacts with different substances b. Gravitational forces from the environment on subatomic particles c. The number of atoms of an element in one mole of that substance d. Attraction and repulsion between electric charges at the atomic level 14. The diagram here is called a trophic pyramid. It shows trophic levels of a grassland habitat. The size of each trophic level represents biomass, with producers representing the largest amount of biomass. Which of the following best explains the unique shape of the trophic pyramid? a. The higher levels of the pyramid are smaller due to human interference with those organisms. b. Decomposers work more rapidly breaking down animal tissue than plant tissue. c. The organisms on the lower level of the pyramid tend to be smaller in size. d. The higher levels of the pyramid are smaller due to the inefficiency of energy transfer 15. Polymers are substances that are often flexible and durable. These properties are
best explained by the fact that polymers are a. large molecules synthesized through complex laboratory procedures. b. made, predominantly, of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. c. molecules consisting of long chains of repeating units of atoms. d. substances produced by plants that have these properties 16. Are you a eukaryote or a prokaryote?
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Author: Jazmin GannonA place to grow Archives
January 2021
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