Medical PROCedURES

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stem cell research

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​There are three types of stem cells: 

• adult stem cells
• embryonic (or pluripotent) stem cells
• and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)

​https://americansforcures.org/stem-cells/what-are-the-different-kinds-of-stem-cells/

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IVF in vitro fertilization

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Pro egg freezing for IVF Video

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lies about fertility

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gastric bypass

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Chapter 26

Digestion:

The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food in subunits so that nutrients can be absorbed.

Ingestion:

The act of taking food into the mouth.

Digestive Tract:

The central pathway of the digestive system; a long muscular tube the pushes food between the mouth ant the anus,

Salivary Glands:

Glands that secrete enzymes, including salivary amylase, which digests carbohydrates, into the mouth.

Tongue:

A muscular organ in the mouth that aids in swallowing

Esophagus:

The section of the digestive tract between the mouth and the stomach

Peristalsis:

​Coordinate muscular contractions that force food down the digestive tract.

Stomach:

An expandable muscular organ that stores, mechanically breaks down, digests proteins in food.

Pepsin:

A protein-digesting enzyme that is active in the stomach

Chyme:

The acidic :soup"of partially digested food that leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine.

Small Intestine:

The organ in which the bulk of chemical digestion and absorption of food occurs.

Duodenum:

The first portion of the small intestine; the duodenum receives the chyme from the stomach and mixes it with digestive secretions from other organs 

Pancreas:

An organ that helps digestion by producing enzymes (lipase) that act in the small intestine, secretes a juice that neutralizes acidic chyme. 

Liver: 

Aids digestion by producing bile salts and emulsifying fats.

Bile salts:

Chemicals produces by the liver an stored by the gallbladder that emulsify fats s they can be chemically digested by enzymes

Emulsify:

To break up large fat globules into small fat droplets that can be more efficiently chemically digested by enzymes.

Gallbladder: 

Organ that stores bile salts and releases them as needed into the small intestine.

Lipase:

A fat-digesting enzyme active in the small intestine

Epithelial cells:

cells that line organs and body cavities; in the digestive tract to absorb nutrients.

Absorption:

The uptake of digested food molecules by the epithelial cells lining the small intestin

Villi:

Finger-like projections or folds in the lining of the small intestine that are responsible for nutrient absorption and water absorption 

Large intestine:

Remaining water is absorbed and solid stool is formed.

Colon:

The first and longest portion of the large intestine, water absorption.

Stool:

Solid waste material eliminated form the digestive tract.

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hernia

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www.webmd.com
​
A hernia occurs when an organ pushes through an opening in the muscle or tissue that holds it in place.

For example, the intestines may break through a weakened area in the abdominal wall.

Hernias are most common in the abdomen, but they can also appear in the upper thigh, belly button, and groin areas.

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body mechanics

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ulcer

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