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4/8/2019

interdependence of organisms

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Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems: Environmental Impacts on Organisms


Construct an argument that some animals form groups that help members survive.

Analyze and interpret data
 from fossils to provide evidence of the organisms and the environments in which they lived 
long ago.

  • Examples of data could include type, size, and distributions of fossil organisms.
  • Examples of fossils and environments could include marine fossils found on dry land, tropical plant fossils found in Arctic areas, and fossils of extinct organisms.

​Examples:

School of fish

Herd

Bird migrating together, finding food together

Lions and wolves hunting in a pack

Baboons defending other animals

Algae feeding the planet


​

Ocean Biology was covered in December:
http://www.almadartebio.org/biology-page/week-of-1203-ocean-biology

Animal Communities and Trophic Levels 9/17/2018: 
http://www.almadartebio.org/biology-page/biological-systems 
​


​
​Construct an argument with evidence that in a particular habitat some organisms can survive well, some survive less well, and some cannot survive at all.
​
  • Examples of evidence could include needs and characteristics of the organisms and habitats involved.
  • The organisms and their habitat make up a system in which the parts depend on each other.
​

Water temperature affect the fish population

People fishing affects the fish population

Puffins need this species of fish to live

Low fish population leads to puffin choosing not to lay an egg for the year

Puffins move to another island

People in Iceland are sad because they like to see puffins around
​

We covered it in class in December: 
http://www.almadartebio.org/biology-page/week-of-1210-to-1214-ocean-bio


​Make a claim about the merit of a solution to a problem caused when the environment changes and the types of plants and animals that live there may change.

  • Examples of environmental changes could include changes in land characteristics, water distribution, temperature, food, and other organisms.
  • Assessment Boundary: Assessment is limited to a single environmental change. Assessment does not include the greenhouse effect or climate change.]
​

Tardigrade surviving dehydration

Fairy shrimp in the desert

Desert toads



​Environmental change is a stressor

Survival is natural Selection




​ Ecosystem Dynamics, Functioning, and Resilience
​
  • When the environment changes in ways that affect a place’s physical characteristics, temperature, or availability of resources, some organisms survive and reproduce, others move to new locations, yet others move into the transformed environment, and some die. 
​

Things that can affect the ecosystem:

Volcanic eruption 

Forest Fire

Temperature Change

Pesticides and herbicides

Plague or infestation

​Nuclear bomb



Social Interactions and Group Behavior​
​
  • Being part of a group helps animals obtain food, defend themselves, and cope with changes. Groups may serve different functions and vary dramatically in size 

Examples:

Pack social structure

Lookouts

Fish leaving the school of fish and making a new school of fish



 
Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity

  • Some kinds of plants and animals that once lived on Earth are no longer found anywhere.
  • Fossils provide evidence about the types of organisms that lived long ago and also about the nature of their environments. 

Examples: 

Genetic similarities between species

Similar traits
​

​Protein in Birds' Eyes Helps Them 'See' Earth's Magnetic Field
Called Cry4, the protein belongs to a group known to regulate circadian rhythms, or biological sleep cycles.

https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article/protein-in-birds-eyes-helps-them-see-earths-magnetic-field/
Migration Biology covered 11/29/2018:
http://www.almadartebio.org/biology-page/migration-biology 



​Adaptation
​
  • For any particular environment, some kinds of organisms survive well, some survive less well, and some cannot survive at all. 
​

Examples:


Finch in Galapagos eating different foods

Specialization



Classification of Life Chart:

http://www.almadartebio.org/biology-page/evolution-classification-of-life-chart-that-we-have-in-class


Genetics 9/24/18:

http://www.almadartebio.org/biology-page/week-of-924-to-928-how-we-know-earth 
​


 Biodiversity and Humans
​
  • Populations live in a variety of habitats, and change in those habitats affects the organisms living there. 
​

bio-communities that we covered



Forest Reptiles, Mammals, Plants: http://www.almadartebio.org/biology-page/week-of-1112-to-1116-forest-mammals-and-reptiles 
​

​Forest Arthropods and Birds: http://www.almadartebio.org/biology-page/week-of-115-to-119-forest-animals-and-arthropods 

Forest Biology: http://www.almadartebio.org/biology-page/week-of-1029-to-1102-forest-biology

Desert Biology: http://www.almadartebio.org/biology-page/1015-to-1019-desert-biology
​

Desert Animals: http://www.almadartebio.org/biology-page/week-of-1022-to-1026-desert-animals


​NGSS Standards:


​https://www.nextgenscience.org/topic-arrangement/3interdependent-relationships-ecosystems-environmental-impacts-organisms
​

Sample questions for eoc



​The graph provided shows the population of an organism introduced to a new environment and how the population changed over sixty days

Picture

​After the sharp rise, there was a leveling off of the population. What does this indicate?

A. The life expectancy of the organisms in this population is about thirty days.

B. This environment has only enough resources to support 250-300 individuals of this organism.

C. This organism needs thirty days to reach maturity before it can reproduce.

D. This species is unable to reproduce, in any habitat, beyond a population of around 300 individuals.
​

​
​It was originally estimated by scientists that the carrying capacity of humans on earth was approximately 1 billion people. The population of earth is now over 7 billion people. What is the best explanation for this?

A. Humans have greatly exceeded their carrying capacity.

B. Humans now consume less resources than they did previously.

C. Humans have become more efficient in producing and replenishing food resources.

D. The earth has continued to grow at the same rate as the human population has.
​


An incomplete concept map of carrying capacity is provided.
​

Picture

​​Which of the following factors would most accurately be placed in the same side of the concept map as “Increase in population of competitors"?

A. Increase in reproductive success

B. Decrease in available living space

C. Increase in availability of freshwater

D. Decrease in population of predators


​
​It is possible that a particular species will exceed its carrying capacity in the short term. Which of the following will be the end result for the species?

A. Population growth will continue to increase but at a lesser rate

B. The population will level out and no longer grow.

C. The population will crash and experience a sudden decrease or extinction

D. Other species will increase as well in order to balance the ecosystem
​



​The populations of four species introduced into a new ecosystem are plotted, for the first one hundred days in the graph provided.
​
Picture
​Which species was first to reach the carrying capacity of the ecosystem for that particular kind of organism?

A. Species 1

B. Species 2

C. Species 3

D. Species 4



​Animals engage in both individual and group behaviors. Which of the following is an example of an individual behavior?

A. In a termite colony, different tasks are carried out by different types of termites.

B. Monarch butterflies migrate long distances, traveling in groups of many millions.

C. Juvenile chimpanzees model the actions of their parents and other adults.

D. All members of an elephant herd will contribute to the care of any offspring.


​
​Most wolves hunt in packs while some individuals live and hunt alone. What data would be needed to support the claim that hunting as a group provides an advantage?

A. The density of prey animals, measured in number of organisms per square kilometer, in the habitats of pack wolves and solitary wolves

B. Hunting success, measured in kilograms of meat per individual per week, for wolves that hunt in packs and those that are solitary hunters

C. The return on investment in hunting for the average wolf, measured in calories expended for hunting, divided by calories obtained in prey animals

D. The number of different predator species in the habitat as compared to the number of different prey species
​

​
Zebras live in large herds. When attacked by a predator, such as a lion, some individual zebras will engage in combat with the lion, rather than trying to escape. This behavior increases the risk of injury and death to the individual zebra. Why might this type of behavior evolve if it is so clearly a disadvantage to the individual?

A. This behavior increases the survival advantage of other members of the herd and the species.

B. This behavior ensures that only the strongest and most aggressive zebras pass on their genes.

C. This behavior is an opportunity for zebras to prove themselves to potential mates.

D. This behavior frightens predators in the area and makes future attacks less likely.
​

​
Which of the following describes a survival advantage an individual organism derives from living in a large group with other individuals of the same species?

A. They are less likely to contract a disease.

B. They encounter reduced competition.

C. They are less visible to predators.

D. They can more easily find a mate.
​



Which of the following animal behaviors could be disadvantageous to the individual organism, but increase the survival advantage of other members of its social group?

A. Joeys stay within their mothers’ pouch for protection for several weeks.

B. Newly hatched sea turtles will automatically begin moving toward the ocean.

C. Squirrels vocalize loudly when they observe a predator in their habitat.

D. Male peacocks compete for females with elaborate plumage and behaviors.
​

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1 Comment
A fellow teacher
9/8/2020 11:07:49 pm

Please take down the answer to the STEMscopes questions. you are the only result that comes up in a Google search and I can't administer a test with fidelity without students getting the answers from your website.

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