Homeostasis

---

balance/ Equilibrium

---

Living organisms maintain balance by sensing their internal and external conditions and making adjustments.

http://www.vce.bioninja.com.au/aos-2-detecting-and-respond/coordination--regulation/homeostasis.html

endotherm vs ectotherm

An ectotherm (reptile/amphibian) relies primarily on its external environment to regulate the temperature of its body. Endotherms (birds) are able to regulate their body temperatures by producing heat within the body.

https://zooatlanta.org/caring-endotherms-ectotherms/#:~:text=An%20ectotherm%20(reptile%2Famphibian),producing%20heat%20within%20the%20body.&text=ectotherms%20is%20the%20way%20that%20animal%20habitats%20are%20set%20up.

---

Our organs work together to help homeostasis

---

Hierarchy in biology: Our cells work together to form organs and organs work together to form organisms.

Tissue: and organized collection of a single type of cell type working to carry out a specific function.

Organ: a structure made up of different tissue types working together to carry out a common function.

Organ System: a set of cooperating organs within the body.

Physiology: the study of the way living organism's physical parts function

Homeostasis: the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment, even when the external environment changes.

---

Organs that help with homeostasis

---

In mammals, the main organs involved with homeostasis are:

• The hypothalamus and pituitary gland.
• the lungs.
• the skin.
• the muscles.
• the kidneys.
• the liver and pancreas.

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeostasis

Thermoregulation: the maintenance of a relatively stable internal body temperature.

Vasoconstriction: the reduction in diameter of blood vessels which helps retain heat.

Vasodilation: the expansion in diameter of blood vessels, which helps to release heat.

Hypoxia: the state of low oxygen concentration in the blood

Acclimatization: the process of physiologically adjusting to an environmental change over a period of time. Generally reversible.

---

Blood SUgar Homeostasis

---

Glycogen: an energy storing carbohydrate found in liver and muscle.

Pancreas: an organ that secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon, as well as digestive enzymes

Insulin: a hormone secreted by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar

Glucagon: a hormone produces by the pancreas that causes an increase in blood sugar.

Hormone: a chemical signaling molecule that is released by a cell or gland and travels through the bloodstream to exert an effect on target cells.

Osmolarity: the concentration of dissolved solutes in blood and other bodily fluids

Osmoregulation: the maintenance of relatively stable volume, pressure, and solute concentration of bodily fluids, especially blood. 

Kidney: an organ involved in osmoregulation, filtration of blood to remove wastes, and production of several important hormones

Hypothalamus: the coordinator region of the brain, responsible for a variety of physiological functions.

Sensor: a specialized cell that detects specific sensory input like temperature, pressure, or solute concentration

Effector: a cell or tissue that acts to exert a response on the basis of information relayed from a sensor

Feedback loop: a pathway that involves input from a sensor, a response via an effector, and detection of the response by the sensor

---

Hearts in other creatures

---

---

Human organ systems

---

---

Osmosis maintains homeostasis

---

https://opencurriculum.org/5358/cell-transport-and-homeostasis/

---

Plants have many adaptations that help with homeostasis

---

---

Ways animals maintain homeostasis 

---

Blubber

Being able to hold your breath for 20 minutes while having fin like wings and mastering the physics of coming out of the icy water

Huddling to stay warm since heat moves from hot to cold

Changing blood circulation to hold your breath much longer while collapsing your lungs to sustain the deep water pressure

Evolving antifreeze proteins

Learning to be part of a school of fish