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1/27/2020

Ecosystem

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What is an ecosystem?


An ecosystem involves all living and no-living components in an area.  Energy flows and matter cycles through an environment.

Atmosphere: this includes the wind speed and direction, humidity, light intensity and quality, precipitation and temperature.
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Biotic Factors: These are all the living organisms in the environment, including their interactions.

  • Plants
  • Animals
  • Microorganisms (bacteria)
  • Fungi
  • Protists (algae and protozoans)
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Abiotic factors: elements that are not alive: soil, rocks, mountains, rain, clouds

Soil:
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  • Nutrient availability
  • Soil moisture & pH
  • Composition
  • Temperature 
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Water:

  • Dissolved nutrients
  • pH and salinity
  • Dissolved oxygen
  • Temperature

Living organisms interact with each other in their habitat, they influence matter by walking around and moving things around.

Habitat: the natural environment in which a creature lives including the biotic and abiotic factors.

Each organism occupies a niche, an ecological niche of an organism is their function in the ecosystem: where they live, what organisms they interact with, how they respond t changes in the health of the environment. 


Tolerance rage: each species has a tolerance range, this is their comfort zone, at what point they move to another environment.
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Picture

​https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/images/3795-how-the-distribution-of-a-species-is-affected-by-limiting-factors
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CONTAMINANTS CONTRIBUTE to acid rain



Acid rain:
rainfall made sufficiently acidic by atmospheric pollution that it causes environmental harm, typically to forests and lakes. The main cause is the industrial burning of coal and other fossil fuels, the waste gases from which contain sulfur and nitrogen oxides, which combine with atmospheric water to form acids. -Oxford
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Picture
https://www.epa.gov/acidrain/what-acid-rain
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Normal, clean rain has a pH value of between 5.0 and 5.5, which is slightly acidic. However, when rain combines with sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides—produced from power plants and automobiles—the rain becomes much more acidic. Typical acid rain has a pH value of 4.0.

Picture

​https://www3.epa.gov/acidrain/education/site_students/phscale.html


Acid Rain has been known to damage natural ecosystems


Picture

https://www.britannica.com/explore/savingearth/acid-rain/https://www.epa.gov/acidrain/what-acid-rain
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