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2/11/2019

mental health

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Confessions of a Former Member of r/niceguys



mental COMPLEXITIES continued


Anxiety: a fear caused by a source you cannot identify, or a source that does not cause as much risk as you think. 

Anxiety Disorder: when the anxiety persists a long time and interferes with daily activities

Common anxiety signs and symptoms include:
​
  • Feeling nervous, restless or tense
  • Having a sense of impending danger, panic or doom
  • Having an increased heart rate
  • Breathing rapidly (hyperventilation)
  • Sweating
  • Trembling
  • Feeling weak or tired
  • Trouble concentrating or thinking about anything other than the present worry
  • Having trouble sleeping
  • Experiencing gastrointestinal (GI) problems
  • Having difficulty controlling worry
  • Having the urge to avoid things that trigger anxiety
​
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/anxiety/symptoms-causes/syc-20350961

​

​Phobias: anxiety that is related to a specific situation or object

Panic Attack:
​
  • Fast heart rate
  • Rapid Breathing
  • Fear of Suffocation
  • Believes that they are dying
  • Sweating
  • Trembling and Shaking
  • Choking Sensation
  • Chest discomfort or pain
  • Nausea or stomach distress
  • Dizziness or lightheadedness
  • Fear of losing control
  • An "out of body" sensation

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: and unwanted thought or image that takes control of the mind is an obsession, and obsession can lead to a compulsion, the unreasonable need to behave in a certain way to prevent a feared outcome.  

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder:  a person has difficulty recovering after experiencing or witnessing a terrifying event. After surviving a life threatening event.

The condition may last months or years, with triggers that can bring back memories of the trauma accompanied by intense emotional and physical reactions.

Symptoms may include nightmares or unwanted memories of the trauma, avoidance of situations that bring back memories of the trauma, heightened reactions, anxiety, or depressed mood.

Mood Disorder: when people experience extreme emotions that make it difficult t go through daily life. 

Bipolar Disorder: an example of a mood disorder, also called manic depressive disorder, during a manic episode people might be very energetic and creative.  The manic period is followed by a period of deep depression, a period where the person feel extremely sad and hopeless. 

Schizophrenia: disturbance of thinking, mood, awareness, or behavior. Means "split mind", aspects of mind are separated from reality.  Rarely harmful to others, the person may develop fears that are not supported by reality. 
​
  • Usually involves delusions, hallucinations or disorganized speech, and reflects an impaired ability to function. 
​
  • May develop creative music, writing, illustration, many forms of art

​Impulse-control Disorders: cannot resit the impulse of drive to act in a way that is harmful to themselves or to others.  Can lead to addiction. 

Personality Disorders: rigid patterns of behavior that make is difficult for them to get along with others 

​
Cluster A (Odd, bizarre, eccentric)
  • Paranoid PD, Schizoid PD, Schizotypal PD

Cluster B (Dramatic, erratic)
  • Antisocial PD, Borderline PD, Histrionic PD, Narcissistic PD

Cluster C (Anxious, fearful)
  • Avoidant PD, Dependent PD, Obsessive-compulsive PD
​
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/hide-and-seek/201205/the-10-personality-disorders


Eating Disorders


Anorexia Nervosa: An eating disorder causing people to obsess about weight and what they eat.

  • Anorexia is characterized by a distorted body image, with an unwarranted fear of being overweight.
 
  • Symptoms include trying to maintain a below-normal weight through starvation or too much exercise.
​
  • Medical treatment may be needed to restore normal weight. Talk therapy can help with self-esteem and behavior changes.

Bulimia: A serious eating disorder marked by binging, followed by methods to avoid weight gain.

  • Bulimia is a potentially life-threatening eating disorder.

  • People with this condition binge eat. They then take steps to avoid weight gain. Most commonly, this means vomiting (purging). But it can also mean excessive exercising or fasting.
​
  • Treatments include counseling, medications, and nutrition education.
​
https://positivepsychologyprogram.com/dbt-dialectical-behavior-therapy/

signs of clinical depression


People may experience:

Mood: anxiety, apathy, general discontent, guilt, hopelessness, loss of interest, loss of interest or pleasure in activities, mood swings, or sadness

Behavioral: agitation, excessive crying, irritability, restlessness, or social isolation

Sleep: early awakening, excess sleepiness, insomnia, or restless sleep

Whole body: excessive hunger, fatigue, or loss of appetite

Cognitive: lack of concentration, slowness in activity, or thoughts of suicide

​Weight: weight gain or weight loss

Also common: poor appetite or repeatedly going over thoughts

self-injury


Self-harm is a coping strategy, a maladaptive coping strategy

The intent is to relieve pain from thoughts and painful feelings

May be a symptom of mood disorder, anxiety disorder, or eating disorder
​

maladaptive vs healthy coping behavior



Suicide prevention


https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html

Picture

  • Affects all kinds of people, all races, levels of education and income level

  • 2016, nearly 45,000 Americans age 10 or older died by suicide.
​
  • Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death and is one of just three leading causes that are on the rise.

Risk factors: 

  • A previous suicide attempt of a family history of suicide
 
  • Mental disorder or substance abuse disorder
 
  • Feelings of hopelessness and isolation
 
  • Lack of access to mental health treatment
​
  • Being influenced by suicide of peers, family members or celebrities

Cluster Suicides:

  • Sometimes a suicide or attempted suicide triggers other suicides, especially among teens. 
​
  • A series of suicides that occur over a short period of time in the same peer group or community.
​

you are valuable and we all need you here, reality is incomplete without you


Talking to supportive friends or a counselor about how you feel is best

when a friend is talking about suicide


Do:
​
  • Trust your feelings
  • Take the threats seriously
  • Tell them how concerned you are
  • Tell them that they matter to you
  • Listen carefully
  • Talk calmly
  • Involve a trusted adult
  • Stay until help arrives

Don't:

  • Dare the person to go ahead with the suicide attempt
  • Judge the person
  • Analyze the person's motives
  • Argue or offer reasons to not commit suicide
  • Leave the person Alone
​

helping yourself


  • Talk to a trusted adult or a friend

  • Use a talk line such as Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255
​
  • See if you feel isolated and if you can go where there are other people
 
  • Even if you don't talk to the other people about the ideation, being near other may help
 
  • If you have a weapon or pills, put them away in a place that is out of sight and that is hard to get to.
​
  • Practice coping skills or practice a distraction such as art or watch a movie


healthy coping mechanisms 



finding community resources


Resources in our community:

https://donaanacounty.org/sites/default/files/pages/Mental_Health.pdf
Types of Mental Health Professionals

Psychiatrists: after medical school, doctors may get advanced training in treatment of mental health disorders to become a psychiatrists, they can diagnose a mental health disorder and prescribe medication if needed.

Neurologist: a physician who treats physical disorders or the nervous system.

Clinical Psychologist: trained to recognize and treat behavior that is not withing the range of normal human behavior.  They have a doctoral degree and at least two years of practical training in clinics and hospitals.  

Social Workers: listen to people and connect them to services

Psychiatric Social Worker:
helps people with mental disorders and helps their families to accept and adjust to an illness. 

Mental  Health Counselors: some work on specific problems or work with specific groups of people.  A substance abuse counselor works with people that have problems with alcohol abuse or other drugs.  School counselors work with students.  Youth counselors work with teenagers.


kinds of treatments


Some treatments are better for each situation, it depends on what the person needs, treatment options are psychotherapy, hospitalization, and medication.

Psychotherapy:
The person talks to the therapist to help understand their experience. 

Insight Therapy: helps people better understand their behavior to see if a
                              better understanding can lead to change in behavior.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: helps the person identify situations, objects,
                                                        or thoughts that trigger abnormal behaviors to
                                                        learn new ways to behave.

Group Therapy:
people with with others that can relate to work on coping skills together.

Drug Therapy: medication can relieve symptoms and help the person feel balanced. 

Hospitalization: staff helps the person be safe and looks out for self-harm or harm to others.  There is constant access to mental health professionals.  This can be a good option when being in the person's usual environment would not be safe at the time even though they are not a danger to themselves or others. 

Example: the person forgets who they are or their school or work schedule.  They may forget that they are a student and forget where they live, or may be struggling with paranoia.  People usually recover from this. 

Hospitalization is generally temporary, just a week or two. 

Social workers can help people adapt to the transition back home.

emdr and cbt



Art activity: let's create some motivational posters


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